Showing posts with label France. Show all posts
Showing posts with label France. Show all posts

Visitors to Versailles

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Ever since Louis XIV moved the seat of French government to Versailles it has been a very public place full of visitors very unlike the original hunting lodge he inherited.
You have your chance to see the chateau a little closer to home as Versailles has come to us.  Until July 29, 2018 the exhibit 'Visitors to Versailles' is at the Metropolitan Museum in NYC.
I visited the exhibit back in May and while it doesn't compare with the real thing it is a great introduction to the history of the storied chateaux.
The palace, after the ransacking of the revolution, is still shockingly accurate to pre-revolutionary time (despite the touch of future generations). I spent a lovely day in Versailles last month and all of the historic images from the exhibit are instantly recognizable.
The crowds may be rather more casually dressed these days but they still come to ogle the spectacle that is Versailles.
Back in the 17th and 18th centuries your rank and dress could grant you varying degrees of access to the chateau.  The gardens were open to the public but if you were well dressed you could gain entry inside and even see the king. There were ways of sorting the wheat from the chaff however.
Interior court costume rules were very strict: you were told what to wear to get into the most private spaces which only the very rich could afford.  The exhibit had a few original examples of court dress which are works of art unto themselves.
 The embroidery is as fine on the men's clothing as on the women's.
In addition to Paris the town of Versailles (which is charming, btw, and worth a visit) was full of seamstresses and haberdasheries that could supply you with the necessary clothing to gain access; for a price.
The exhibit had this tavern sign from 1760 showing a young man in his finery.  After the long 12 mile journey from Paris, naturally visitors would want to refresh themselves and change into their court dress at places such as a tavern or hotel. Versailles is easily reached today on the RER metro but was rather more difficult to visit in the 18th century for the common man.
A large part of the exhibit deals with more official visits however: those from ambassadors of foreign countries.
Many came bearing costly gifts in addition to their large entourages and townspeople would line up to see the spectacle. The king was trying to impress the visitors with his chateau so the ambassadors had to really try hard to impress the king in return.
This bejeweled Ottoman powder flask is one of many impressive gifts on display.
Under Louis XIV ambassadors had their own staircase designed by Louis le Vau in the late 17th century, which this amazing model depicts (built in 1958) .
Sadly the staircase was removed in 1752 leaving ambassadors to enter the palace by other more ordinary means.
Inside the palace the best of France was on display.  These large urns and an Aubusson carpet above are some examples shown in an interesting interpretation of the hall of mirrors.
Visitors were entertained in other areas of Versailles as well.  Marie Antoinette made full  use of the gardens of her Petit Trianon to host select groups of friends. There were lovely night-time paintings on loan for the exhibit commissioned by the queen to commemorate certain visits. Seen above are the Rock and Belvedere lit for a party, painted by Claude Louis Chatelet for the queen in honor of the visit of her brother Emperor Joseph II on August 3, 1781.
The rock and the belvedere are instantly recognizable today thanks to loving restorations -seen above last month during my visit.
The other nighttime painting in the exhibit is of the Temple of Love. The painting by Hubert Robert commemorates a fireworks display for the visit of Paul and Maria Feodorovna of Russia in 1782. These paintings were definitely my favorite items in the exhibit.
 Above you can see the temple of love, just visible beyond the Petit Trianon, and easily viewed from Marie Antoinette's bedroom.
 Also on display, although they came from just over the river from a museum in the Bronx, are some personal items of furniture commissioned by Queen Marie Antoinette. 
 Above are an amazing armchair made for the queen by Jacques Gondouin and a commode by Jean Henri Riesener.
The exhibit is pretty great if you've never been to the chateau in person, but nothing can ever prepare you for the shear (exhausting) scale of the palace and gardens.
 I had visited the palace and the Trianons a few times in the past so on this past visit devoted my day  to the gardens and was graced with perfect weather.  Notice the scale of the few other people visiting the orangery above....those doors must be over 20'-0" tall!!  No drawings or photographs can prepare you for that.
The immense scale of the gardens meant that most areas aren't perhaps as lovingly tended as others, but impressive none the less if only for their size.   They aren't kidding when they tell you to wear comfortable shoes; you will be exhausted!
June is a great time to visit: Roses and orange trees are in bloom and hopefully you'll have as lovely weather as we did.
Here is the Colonnade from 1685 designed by Mansart.  32 marble columns and pilasters surround the immense space which was frequently used by the king for his daily walks and outdoor musical entertainments.
If a visit to Versailles is not in your immediate future I urge you to visit 'Visitors to Versailles' at the Met in New York and take in a little French magnificence closer to home!

Chateau de Malmaison tour

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While in Paris we visited a spectacular chateau known primarily as the home to Napoleon and Josephine Bonaparte, the Chateau de Malmaison.
Josephine purchased the dilapidated country estate in 1799 while Napoleon was at war in Egypt and undertook a major renovation to bring the chateau up to date and to the style of the day. From 1800 until 1802 this was the new Versailles, the seat of French power, as Napoleon and his bride ruled from the newly renovated chateau.
This was really Josephine's home and she lavished all her attention (and most of Napoleon's money) on the chateau and gardens. After their divorce (as she was unable to have children) she kept the house with a large pension and after her death in 1814 Napoleon returned to Malmaison for one last visit before being exiled in 1815. Talk about love stories!
Malmaison is mostly known for its gardens, particularly roses which were JUST past their peak on my visit (June 6).
The naturalistic gardens feature hundreds of varieties of roses along with other more English style plantings. This is right up my alley: the gravel paths, manicured lawn, and blowzy country gardens.
 There is even a summer pavilion out in the garden so one doesn't have to go inside the house-lovely little room!
 Here is the Malmaison signature rose.
The property was once much larger and incorporated a lot of outbuildings but today the chateau just retains a few of these such as the summerhouse, gatehouses, and stables.
The front of the chateau and courtyard would have been used for entry and service functions so the back was the real 'front facade' and it's a beauty.
A quick google search will show you paintings and drawings of numerous lawn parties with the chateau as a backdrop.
The building has been renovated many times over the centuries with the first knowledge of the house being from the 14th century! Most of what we see today dates from the tenure of Josephine.
The "moat" may have originally guarded the structure while later provided great space for servants around the kitchens and service rooms without being seen.
But lets go inside, shall we?
The billiards room just off the entry foyer features a black and white marble floor with vivid green walls.
 Off the billiards room is the salon dore  - a formal sitting room; Loved the painted doors.
Some of the original furniture has been brought back to the house and this room features 2 different sets of chairs.
Here is the other set of chairs in graceful empire style.  I would gladly take these home as a souvenir!
One would expect a gilded chandelier in a golden salon, right?
The music room is at the end of the house so features French doors on all 3 sides making a lovely light space. The house is essentially lanterne style so that it is only one room deep on the ground floor, giving each primary room 2 exposures.
Loved the snazzy upholstery details in the music room!
The dining room is perhaps the most beautiful room in the house.  In order to provide room for tours though the table has been moved off center. My OCD cannot handle this.....
 Loved the paint details in the dining room.
The small treaty room off the dining room is smaller and lacks the double exposure but makes up for it with lots of style!
This is probably the most famous room in the chateau, providing inspiration for countless other striped fabric tented rooms.
 At the opposite end of the chateau is the library, the literal bookend to the music room (get it? haha).
Loved the empire built-in bookcases with curtained lower shelves. Notice the shelves are slightly curved, the glass too.
 This mystery firebox under a window lacks a chimney.  That is certainly a mystery.....
 Don't forget to look up; the ceiling in the library is amazing.
A bust of Napoleon sits in the center of the simple stairwell.  The house is filled to the brim with paintings of Napoleon and Josephine, many familiar to us all.
I had to include this snapshot of Napoleon's bath..... maybe indoor plumbing is overrated? It can never be this chic.
The details throughout are very lovely or at least very much to my taste. 2 small rooms were combined off Napoleon's bedroom to house this suite of furniture and artwork.
Napoleon's bedroom does not disappoint; Canopied bed, draped walls, this room has everything I love about the Empire style rolled into one space.
More bedrooms in the center of the house were combined to create exhibit spaces for the most stupendous display of lovely items belonging to the couple.  I wish this were a shop instead of a museum; one of everything please!
 This suite of dressing furniture featuring white swans is pretty over the top; have you seen anything like it?
Josephine's bedroom also did not disappoint; it made Napoleon's bedroom look humdrum! However, much like former royalty these were only 'official' bedrooms and not where Josephine actually slept.
Off the official bedroom was this lovely little boudoir. Much cozier and less.....Grand horizontal or courtesan-ish...is that a word?
I highly suggest a daytrip to Reuil-Malmaison just outside of Paris; same distance from the city as Versailles (which is actually nearby).  While it was accessible by train and bus I highly recommend taking an Uber to save yourself time and for not much more expense (I think the fare for 4 of us was only $37). Information on visiting the chateau can be found on their website HERE.

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